Cybercrimes And Issues Of Protection Against Them: National And Foreign Experience

Abstract

This article examines cybercrime as one of the most serious challenges of the digital age, arising from the rapid development of information and communication technologies. It analyzes the concept and main forms of cybercrime, including hacking, phishing, malware distribution, financial fraud, and cyberterrorism, with reference to major international incidents such as the WannaCry attack and the Equifax data breach. Particular attention is paid to the national legal framework of the Republic of Uzbekistan, including criminal liability for cybercrimes under the Criminal Code and recent institutional reforms. The article highlights the significance of Presidential Resolution No. PR–153 of April 30, 2025, which introduces modern mechanisms for preventing and combating cybercrime, strengthens the responsibility of state bodies and financial institutions, and promotes cybersecurity culture. Furthermore, the study reviews international experience and legal instruments, such as the Budapest Convention, UN initiatives, and EU practices. The article concludes that an integrated legal, institutional, and technological approach is essential for effective cybercrime prevention and digital security.